Robust generative models for real-world data

A core goal of our research is to develop robust ML methods that can properly handle realistic assumptions and, especially, the complex nature of real-world data. In this context, we have extensively worked on ML for mixed continuous and discrete data (e.g., tabular data), as well as with missing data (NeurIPS’15; ICML’17; AAAI’19; JMLR’20)—e.g., to the best of my knowledge, HI-VAE (Pattern Recognition’20) was the first deep generative model to handle both heterogeneous and missing data.

Specifically, we focus on developing generative models, based on latent variable models for heterogenous data (e.g., tabular datasets). Our extensive work in this area include bayesian non-parametric models (see “General Latent Feature Models for Heterogeneous Datasets”), sum and product networks (SPNs) and variational autoencoders (VAEs)) (see “Automatic Bayesian Density Analysis”); and our applications include automatic and efficient missing value estimation, statistical data type and likelihood discovery, anomaly detection and dependency structure mining, etc.

Our first line of ongoing research in the area of latent variable  models have extended to account not only for heterogenous dataset (e.g., tabular datasets) but also multimodal data (containing, e.g., e.g., images and their corresponding captions), especially on those models relying on neural networks and thus gradient-based optimization, see “Boosting heterogeneous VAEs via multi-objective optimization}”. In particular, we aim to mitigate that issues similar to negative transfer in multi-task learning (as a consequence of the gradient competition across tasks) prevent the model to accurately fit the marginal distribution of, and the statistical dependencies among, all features.

In a second line of ongoing research, we are also investigating how to leverage expressive probabilistic models to perform causal reasoning under limited causal assumptions. Our initial results in this line allows us to evaluate the effect of causal interventions and estimate the value of structure counterfactuals assuming access to only observational data and the underlying causal graph (but not the structural equations) (NeurIPS’20, AAAI’22).

 

References

2022

Javaloy, Adrián; Meghdadi, Maryam; Valera, Isabel

Mitigating Modality Collapse in Multimodal VAEs via Impartial Optimization Journal Article

In: CoRR, vol. abs/2206.04496, 2022.

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2021

Javaloy, Adrián; Meghdadi, Maryam; Valera, Isabel

Boosting heterogeneous VAEs via multi-objective optimization Workshop

2021.

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2020

Valera, Isabel; Pradier, Melanie F.; Lomeli, Maria; Ghahramani, Zoubin

General Latent Feature Models for Heterogeneous Datasets Journal Article

In: J. Mach. Learn. Res., vol. 21, pp. 100:1–100:49, 2020.

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2019

Vergari, Antonio; Molina, Alejandro; Peharz, Robert; Ghahramani, Zoubin; Kersting, Kristian; Valera, Isabel

Automatic Bayesian Density Analysis Proceedings Article

In: The Thirty-Third AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2019, The Thirty-First Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference, IAAI 2019, The Ninth AAAI Symposium on Educational Advances in Artificial Intelligence, EAAI 2019, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, January 27 - February 1, 2019, pp. 5207–5215, AAAI Press, 2019.

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